![]() ![]() Particularly for fish species that utilize acoustic communication for spawning purposes, boat-related noise can lead to a reduction of successful reproductive events, threatening their populations’ survival. It has been recognized worldwide that boat noise can affect animal behavior, health, communication efficiency, and fitness. Human pressure during the reproductive season of fish can act directly not only through harvesting activities, but also through other disturbance factors. courbina reproduction and seasonal variability have been reported, no information is available on the relationship with salinity and temperature or the impact of human-induced disturbances on their reproductive output. cromis, the chorus start time is regulated by the photoperiod and temperature. The spawning period of both the southern and northern black drum species lasts for several days and, at least for P. The communication range of black drum fish was estimated at 33–108 m, limited by background levels, not by auditory sensitivity. The P.cromis acoustic system is characterized by a swim bladder relatively distant from the otic capsule, and it responds to sounds from 100 Hz to 800 Hz, with the most sensitive range from 100 Hz to 600 Hz. ![]() described the signals emitted by black drum fish from the Southern Hemisphere and found differences from the northern species in terms of the duration of calls. Pogonias cromis calls are characterized by a fundamental frequency of 94 Hz, followed by two harmonics at 188 Hz and 282 Hz, with an average source level estimate of 165 dB RMS re: 1 µPa. Since egg density and call intensity were not found to be synchronous in Pogonias cromis, it was suggested that the calls are emitted for a territorial purpose or to attract females and maintain their spawning conditions. The spawning activity of these species is connected to the production of drumming sounds as advertisement calls emitted by males. Pogonias courbina is considered the most endangered sciaenid in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean, classified as endangered in Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina by the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List (IUCN 2018). The dimensions of spawning aggregations, combined with their fishery values, have caused increased commercial and recreational fishing pressure on this species. This species is considered a multiple spawner, forming reproductive aggregations in depths of less than 10 m mainly from October to December (spring season in the Southern Hemisphere). courbina is the largest sciaenid noted in estuarine environments. They have been recently redescribed based on molecular and morphologic evidence, differentiating the black drum Pogonias courbina of the southwest Atlantic Ocean from the black drum Pogonias cromis of the northwest Atlantic Ocean. are distributed along coastal waters in both the northwest and southwest areas of the Atlantic Ocean. courbina call rate and underline the importance of including the evaluation of anthropogenic noise in the current management of the area.īlack drum Pogonias spp. These results suggest that anthropogenic noise may affect the P. Only boat noise from Class C was significantly reduced during days with the active fishing ban. The fish call rate was lower in files where boat noise overlapped the fish call frequency (Classes A and C). The files with boat noise passages were categorized into classes according to their noise frequency range (A = below 700 Hz, B = over 700 Hz, and C = below and above 700 Hz). courbina calls were identified and counted. courbina vocalizations through a passive acoustic method. Here, we investigated the potential effect of boat noise on P. Although no regulation is directly applied to protect it, a ban protects the reproductive period of other fish species during weekdays. In the Mar Chiquita coastal lagoon (Buenos Aires, Argentina), Pogonias courbina is one of the primary fishing species. produce calls ranging from 90 Hz to 300 Hz. ![]() During the reproductive period, males of the black drum Pogonias spp. Boat noise can affect the communication success of fish species that use sounds for spawning purposes. Human-generated underwater noise and its effect on marine biota is recognized as an important issue. ![]()
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